Guazhou County is under the jurisdiction of Jiuquan City, Gansu Province. Located at the west end of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province, it is adjacent to the oil city of Yumen City in the east, Dunhuang City in the west, Subei Mongolian Autonomous County in the north and south, and Hami City in Xinjiang in the northwest. It has been a transportation hub from the east to the west since ancient times, and an important town of merchants on the ancient Silk Road. Guazhou County is 185 kilometers long from east to west, 220 kilometers wide from north to south, and covers an area of 24000 square kilometers. As of October 2021, Guazhou County has jurisdiction over 10 towns and 5 townships. According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, there are 129299 permanent residents in Guazhou County.

Guazhou County belongs to Jiuquan County in the second year of Yuanshou of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty (121 BC); In the 24th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1759 AD), Anxi Mansion was set up; On October 7, 1949, the Anxi County People's Government was established under the Jiuquan District Administrative Office; In 2006, it was renamed Guazhou County. As of May 2022, there are 465 immovable cultural relics protection units in Guazhou County, including 1 world cultural heritage, 10 national cultural relics protection units and 11 provincial cultural relics protection units. On October 10, 2018, the Gansu Provincial Government approved Guazhou County to withdraw from the poverty-stricken counties. On January 22, 2020, it was named the National Garden County by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.

According to the preliminary calculation, in 2021, Guazhou County will achieve a GDP of 11.57 billion yuan, an increase of 16.3% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1.97 billion yuan, an increase of 10.3% over the previous year; The added value of the secondary industry was 5.68 billion yuan, an increase of 25.1% over the previous year; The added value of the tertiary industry was 3.93 billion yuan, an increase of 8.1% over the previous year. The added value of all industries was 5.44 billion yuan, an increase of 26.1% over the previous year, of which the added value of industries above designated size increased by 28.2% over the previous year. The total retail sales of consumer goods reached 4.05 billion yuan, an increase of 20% over the previous year. The capital in place for investment promotion was 10.265 billion yuan, an increase of 36.52% over the previous year.