Nanjian Yi Autonomous County (hereinafter referred to as Nanjian County) is located in the west of Yunnan Province, at the southern end of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and at the junction of Dali, Lincang, and Pu'er. The original name was "Pudan". When Mengshe edict was issued in the Tang Dynasty, Nanjian was named because it was located in the south of the administrative region and between the streams. Nanjian County borders Midu County in the east, Jingdong County in the south, Fengqing County in the west, Yunxian County in the southwest, and Weishan County in the north. Nanjian County has five towns and three townships under its jurisdiction, covering an area of 1738.82 square kilometers. According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent resident population of Nanjian County was 192942.

The tourism resources of Nanjian County are mainly natural and cultural landscapes, mainly including Wuliang Mountain National Nature Reserve, Lingbao Mountain National Forest Park, Lumo Mountain Ancient Temple, Shidong Ancient Temple, Baiyun Ancient Temple, and Li Literature Memorial Site. On April 30, 2019, the People's Government of Yunnan Province decided to withdraw Nanjian Yi Autonomous County from the poverty-stricken county sequence. In September 2020, it was awarded the title of "Provincial Model Collective of National Unity and Progress" in Yunnan Province.

In 2021, the gross regional product of Nanjian County will reach 8822.94 million yuan, an increase of 8.9% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry is 228.749 million yuan, and the added value of the secondary industry is 2488 million yuan; The added value of the tertiary industry is 4047.45 million yuan, and the tertiary industrial structure is 25.9:28.2:45.9.