Ruoqiang County, the county of Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is located in the southeast of Bayingolin and the southeast edge of Taklimakan Desert. It is bordered by Qiemo County in the west, Yuli County, Shanshan County and Hami City in the north, Gansu Province and Qinghai Province in the east, and Tibet Autonomous Region in the south. It is the largest county in China (equivalent to about two Jiangsu or Zhejiang provinces). The county has jurisdiction over 5 towns and 3 townships. There are 15 ethnic groups, including Mongolian, Han, Uygur, Hui and Dongxiang, of which the number of ethnic minorities accounts for 40%. The county people's government is located in Ruoqiang Town, 894 kilometers away from Urumqi and 444 kilometers away from Korla, the state capital. The administrative area is 202298 square kilometers. By the end of 2020, Ruoqiang County has 80756 people with registered residence.

Ruoqiang is the second strategic channel from the mainland to Central Asia and Xinjiang to the mainland, and it was also the necessary route of the ancient "Silk Road". Ruoqiang County has alternate mountains and basins with diverse landforms. There are Tarim Basin and the northern part of the East Tianshan in the north, Kunlun Mountain - Altun Mountain in the southeast and south, and Kunlun Mountain is part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Ruoqiang red dates and Ruoqiang grey dates are famous throughout the country.

On January 2, 2020, the State Council agreed to put part of Ruoqiang County under the jurisdiction of Tiemenguan.

In 2019, the regional GDP of Ruoqiang County was 5829.47 million yuan, the added value of the primary industry was 974.29 million yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 3664.27 million yuan, the general public budget revenue was 741.26 million yuan, and the general public budget expenditure was 1643.56 million yuan.

On January 26, 2022, Ruoqiang County was listed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the National Rural Revitalization Bureau as one of the advanced counties in the 2021 National Village Cleaning Action.