Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, referred to as "Kizilsu", is subordinate to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It is located in the southwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, across the southwest of the Tianshan Mountains, the eastern part of the Pamir Plateau, the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains and the northwest edge of the Tarim Basin. The northern and western parts of the autonomous prefecture are respectively bordered by Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, with a border line of 1195 kilometers. The east is connected with Aksu region, and the south is adjacent to Kashgar region. The whole state is about 500 kilometers long from east to west, 140 kilometers wide from north to south, and an area of 72500 square kilometers.

In 2017, Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture governed Atushi City, Aktau County, Wuqia County, and Aheqi County, which are Kirgiz inhabited areas with 2 foreign trade ports. According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture was 622222.

Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture is located in the upper reaches of the Tarim River basin, across the Tianshan Mountains, the Pamir Plateau, the Kunlun Mountains and the edge of the Tarim Basin. The mountains account for more than 90% of the total area of the prefecture, and valleys and basins are spread across the mountains. It is a typical temperate continental climate, with sufficient light, drought and little rain. It is a famous hometown of melon and fruit.

In 2017, Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture achieved a gross domestic product of 112.12 billion yuan and a per capita gross domestic product of 18329 yuan. In 2020, Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture will achieve a regional GDP of 16.924 billion yuan, an increase of 4.1% over 2019.