Zhongshan City, known as Xiangshan in ancient times, is the hometown of Dr. Sun Yat-sen. It is a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province, a type II large city, located at the lower reaches of the West and North Rivers in the south-central part of the Pearl River Delta, bordering Nansha District of Guangzhou City and Shunde District of Foshan City in the north, Jiangmen City, Xinhui District and Doumen District of Zhuhai City in the west, Zhuhai City in the southeast, and Shenzhen City and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region across Lingdingyang at the Pearl River estuary in the east. It is one of the four prefecture-level cities without districts in China, one of the central cities in the Pearl River Delta, an important node city in the Greater Bay Area of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, one of the regional central cities in Guangdong, and one of the metropolitan areas on the west bank of the Pearl River Estuary. The city's administrative area is 1783.67 square kilometers. According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent resident population of Zhongshan City was 4.418 million.

The ancient Fragrant Hill is an island hanging alone on the Lingding Ocean outside the Pearl River mouth. It is located in the current Mount Wu Gui and Mount Phoenix (now Zhuhai City) and the surrounding mountains and hills, that is, the land from Shiqi to Macao. Formerly known as Guangzhou Fuxiangshan County established in 1152, it was renamed Zhongshan County in 1925 to commemorate Sun Yat-sen. In January 1988, it was upgraded to a prefecture-level city. Zhongshan is a famous historical and cultural city of China. The Xiangshan culture originated in Zhongshan is an important source of modern Chinese culture; Zhongshan is also one of the representative cities of Guangfu culture and one of the birthplaces of Guangfu Cantonese cuisine; It enjoys the reputation of the hometown of folk art (Cantonese opera) and overseas Chinese in Guangdong Province. There are more than 800000 overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan living in 87 countries and regions on the five continents of the world.

In 2022, the gross regional product of Zhongshan City was 363.128 billion yuan, up 0.5% year on year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 8.92 billion yuan, up 5.9%; The added value of the secondary industry was 179.525 billion yuan, the same as that of the previous year; The added value of the tertiary industry was 174.683 billion yuan, up 0.8%.