Zhouqu County is subordinate to Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province. Located in the south of Gansu Province and in the southeast of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Zhouqu means "Longjiang" in Tibetan. It was named after the Bailong River crossing the county. The system of Zhouqu began in the pre-Qin Dynasty. In the twenty-eighth year of King Zhao of Qin Dynasty (279 BC), Qiang Dao County was established in the northwest of Zhouqu, Xigu County was established after liberation, Zhouqu County was established in 1955, Longdi County was renamed in 1959, and Zhouqu County was restored in 1962. By 2021, Zhouqu County has 15 towns, 4 townships, 4 communities, 208 administrative villages and 403 natural villages under its jurisdiction. According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Zhouqu County was 125367. In 2020, Zhouqu County's annual GDP reached 2860.8 million yuan, an increase of 1.6% over the previous year at constant prices.

Zhouqu County is located at the edge of the Min and Dieshan systems of the West Qinling Mountains and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and is a typical alpine canyon landform. "One river and two rivers (Bailong River, Gongba River and Boyu River)" run through it, with complex landform and frequent natural disasters. It is the county hardest hit by the "May 12" earthquake and the "August 8" debris flow disaster. There are obvious vertical differences in climate. The climate in the river zone is warm and humid, enjoying the reputation of "Tibet and Jiangnan", while the climate in the mountain zone is relatively cold, belonging to the temperate monsoon climate. Natural resources include water power, minerals, traditional Chinese medicine, economic forest and fruit, etc. In 2017, Zhouqu County's GDP was 1.48 billion yuan, making it a national key poverty alleviation county.

Zhouqu County is known as "Longshang Peach Blossom Land" and "Tibetan Hometown Jiangnan". Famous scenic spots include Zhouqu County, Gansu Province, the Memorial Hall for Rescue and Rescue of Huge Flood and Debris Flow, Laga Mountain, Beach National Forest Park, Bazhaigou Valley, Selbu, etc.

In December 2017, the National People's Committee named the fifth batch of national unity and progress demonstration zones. On September 25, 2018, it was awarded the honorary title of "2018 Comprehensive Demonstration County of E-commerce in Rural Areas" by the Ministry of Commerce. On February 28, 2020, the People's Government of Gansu Province agreed to withdraw Zhouqu County from the poverty-stricken county.