Jianzha County is located in the southeast of Qinghai Province and the north of Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The northeast part of Jianzha County is bounded by the Yellow River to Hualong Hui Autonomous County, to Xunhua Salar Autonomous County to the southeast, to Guide County to the west, and to Tongren to the south. The county is 87 kilometers long from north to south and 48 kilometers wide from east to west. The population of ethnic minorities is 40,000, and Tibetans account for 62 percent of the total population. The county has jurisdiction over 3 towns and 6 townships. The administrative area covers 1,558 square kilometers. At the end of 2019, the registered population of Jianzha County was 62,246.

Jianzha County has a profound religious and cultural heritage, and is the birthplace of Tibetan Buddhism in the later period. Cambra National Geological Park is famous for the "Danxia" scenery composed of red gravel. There are Nanzong Temple, Nun Temple and Nanzongza Temple in the park, which is the only religious place where monks, nuns and nuns coexist.
It is the plateau water training base of rowing and canoeing in China, and also the only "Hometown of Chinese Ethnic archery" in China.

On September 25, 2018, it was awarded the honorary title of "2018 E-commerce into Rural Comprehensive Demonstration County" by the Ministry of Commerce. On April 21, 2020, the People's Government of Qinghai Province issued an announcement, agreeing to withdraw Jianzha County from the poverty-stricken county list.
In 2019, the GDP of Jianzha County was 2446.58 million yuan, the added value of the primary industry was 246.11 million yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 1,651.98 million yuan, the general public budget revenue was 104 million yuan, and the general public budget expenditure was 2153 million yuan.