Yecheng County is under the jurisdiction of Kashgar Region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. By the end of 2021, Yecheng County has jurisdiction over 6 towns, 15 townships, 5 district management committees and 3 farms. The administrative area is 283700 square kilometers. By the end of 2020, Yecheng County has a total population of 550400, and is inhabited by 13 ethnic groups, including Uighur, Han, Kazak, Hui, Kirgiz, Mongolia, Tajik, Russia, and Uzbek, of which the Uighur nationality accounts for 93%, the Han nationality accounts for 6%, and other ethnic minorities account for 1%.

Yecheng County, located in the southwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is more than 1500 kilometers away from the capital Urumqi and 260 kilometers away from Kashgar City. It is adjacent to the Karakoram Mountains and Kunlun Mountains in the south, the open plain in the north, the Taklimakan Desert in the north, and the upper reaches of the Yerqiang River. The terrain is high in the south and low in the north. It borders Pakistan and India-controlled Kashmir with a border line of more than 80 kilometers. The cultivated area is 1.13 million mu. It is an agricultural county that focuses on agriculture and combines farming and animal husbandry. It is also an important military town in the western border of China, a key national poverty alleviation and development county and a border county. It is known as the "township of walnut, pomegranate, jade and dance in China". In November 2020, Yecheng County will lift off poverty and withdraw from poverty counties.

Yecheng County is the abbreviation of Yeerqiang, which is named after the Yeerqiang River. Yerqiang is a Turkic language. According to the Records of the Western Regions Waterway, it is interpreted as "the land is wide", which means "the city on the cliff". There is a local saying that "the place is hospitable". The Uyghur language is called Kagolek, the Western Regions Atlas is called Hargaric, and the Xinjiang Knowledge is called Harharik. There are other names such as Haragaric and Haharic. "Tongwen Zhi of the Western Regions" explains: "Hui Yu. There are many trees in the land, and there are many crows in the nest, that is, all the places are named after them."

In 2019, the regional GDP of Yecheng County was 9993.9 million yuan, the added value of the primary industry was 3592.72 million yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 1641.63 million yuan, the general public budget revenue was 527.04 million yuan, and the general public budget expenditure was 9067 million yuan.