Chengxian County, subordinate to Longnan City, Gansu Province, is located in the south of Gansu Province and the northeast of Longnan City. Chengxian County was called Chengzhou in ancient times, which was established in the Western Wei Dynasty, and was reduced to the county in the Ming Dynasty. Chengxian County has an area of 1676.54 square kilometers and a cultivated area of 405700 mu. The county has jurisdiction over 14 towns, 3 townships, 245 villages and 14 neighborhood committees. According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, there are 241587 permanent residents in Chengdu County.

Chengxian County is located in the south of the West Qinling Mountains. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The altitude is between 750 and 2377 meters. It is a warm temperate semi-humid climate with four distinct seasons and moderate temperature. It is known as "Longyou Small Jiangnan" and "Longyou Granary". Chengxian County is rich in natural resources, including mineral resources, water resources, biological resources, etc. It is the second largest lead-zinc ore belt in China. In 2019, the gross domestic product of Chengxian County was about 6.426 billion yuan.

Chengxian County was rated as the "Millennium Ancient County", the "township of walnut in China", "China's best resort resort resort county", and "China's most beautiful ecological and livable tourism county". Famous specialties include Chengxian walnut, Hongchuan wine, Gastrodia elata, etc. Scenic spots include Xixiasong Scenic Spot, Jifeng Mountain National Forest Park, Du Shaoling Temple, etc.

On April 28, 2019, the Gansu Provincial Government approved the official withdrawal of Chengxian County from the poverty-stricken counties.

In the first quarter of 2021, the GDP of Chengxian County will reach 1.866 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 15.6%. Among them, the added value of the primary industry reached 232 million yuan, with a growth rate of 6.6%; The added value of the secondary industry reached 828 million yuan, with a growth rate of 29.7%; The added value of the tertiary industry reached 806 million yuan, with a growth rate of 5.4%.

In April 2022, the Communist Youth League Chengxian County Committee was selected as the shortlist of the "May 4th Red Flag League (Industry) Committee" of Gansu Province in 2022.