Anyuan County is located in the south of Jiangxi Province and the southeast of Ganzhou City. It is located in the upper reaches of Ganjiang River in the Yangtze River system and the birthplace of Dongjiangyuan in the Pearl River system. By the end of 2019, it covers an area of 2,350 square kilometers and has jurisdiction over 8 towns and 10 townships. According to the seventh census, the permanent population of Anyuan County was 346,435 as of midnight on November 1, 2020.

Anyuan County has jurisdiction over 10 townships, 8 towns and 151 administrative villages. Anyuan is Hakka people's settlement, Hakka culture has a long history. There are Han, She, Hui, Manchu, Zhuang and high mountains in the county. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, tea picking songs and lantern performances formed in Jiulongshan tea area of Anyuan County gradually developed into tea picking shows in southern Jiangxi Province. Anyuan is the only "Hometown of Hakka Snacks in China".

On April 28, 2019, the People's Government of Jiangxi Province agreed to remove Anyuan County from the poverty-stricken county.

In 2020, Anyuan County achieved a gross regional product (GDP) of 921.154 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 3.4% according to comparable prices.