Fengtai County, located in the middle reaches of the Huai River and the south edge of the Huaibei Plain, is adjacent to Mengcheng County of Bozhou City in the north, Lixin County of Bozhou City in the northwest, Yingshang County of Fuyang City in the west, Shou County of Huainan City in the south across the Huai River, and Huainan urban area in the east. The county area is southeast, northwest oblique shape, north and south length 50 kilometers, east and west width about 42 kilometers, a total area of 891.4 square kilometers under the jurisdiction of 15 towns, 4 townships.

Fengtai County, with coal power as the pillar industry, is the largest deep coal mining county in China. It has been awarded the honorary titles of National Advanced County of Science and Technology Progress, National Advanced County of Grain Production, National Advanced County of Water Conservancy, Home of Chinese Folk Art Hua-Gu-deng, Home of Chinese Ethnic Folk songs and dances, National Advanced County of Legal Publicity and Education, National Garden County, National Civilized County, etc. It is praised as "pearl on the Huai River" and "Jiangnan in northern Anhui".

By the end of 2021, Fengtai County has a permanent resident population of 538,200. In 2021, Fengtai County achieved a gross regional product of 34.03172 billion yuan. The added value of the primary industry reached 4.06519 billion yuan, up by 7.0% year on year; The added value of the secondary industry was 17.76079 million yuan, and that of the tertiary industry was 12.205.74 million yuan. The structure of the tertiary industry was 11.9:52.2:35.9. The per capita GDP of permanent residents reached 63,256 yuan (9,806 U.S. dollars).