Ludian County is one of the counties under the jurisdiction of Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province. It is located in the northeast of Yunnan Province, the south of Zhaotong City, and the north bank of Niulan River. The county has jurisdiction over 10 towns and 2 townships, 103 villages (communities) and 1778 village (residential) groups, with a land area of 1484 square kilometers. According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Ludian County was 398447.

Ludian County is the main producing county of wax insects in China, walnut and high-quality flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan Province, and the base of sheep, pigs and cattle in Yunnan Province. Xiaozhai cherry, Longtoushan pepper and Suoshan green pepper are famous local specialties. On May 17, 2020, it officially withdrew from the poverty county sequence. On July 29, 2020, it was named as the national health township (county) in the 2017-2019 cycle by the National Patriotic Health Campaign Committee. In August 2021, it was selected as the national key county for rural revitalization.

In 2020, Ludian County's GDP will reach 8.42 billion yuan, up 2.7%; Investment in fixed assets above designated size reached 7.027 billion yuan, up 12.2%; The local public budget revenue was 409 million yuan, and the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 3.51 billion yuan; The per capita disposable income of urban permanent residents was 29392 yuan, up 3.2%, and that of rural permanent residents was 11335 yuan, up 6.6%.