Shangshui County belongs to Zhoukou City, which is located in the southeast of Henan Province and the southwest of Zhoukou City. It is adjacent to Zhaoling District in the west, Shangcai County in the south, Xiang City in the east, Chuanhui District in the north, and Xihua and Huaiyang District across the Shahe River in the northwest and northeast.

Shangshui County is located in the street office of the new urban area, which is connected with Chuanhui District of Zhoukou City. There are 3 buses connecting each other. As of November 2022, Shangshui County has jurisdiction over 4 streets, 12 towns and 7 townships. The total area is 1270 square kilometers, and the cultivated land area is 1.39 million mu. According to the results of the seventh national population census, as of 00:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Shangshui County is 960453.

On May 9, 2019, Shangshui County, Henan Province, through the provincial special evaluation and inspection, reached the standard of poverty eradication and officially withdrew from the poverty county sequence.

In 2021, the gross domestic product of Shangshui County will reach 33.39 billion yuan, an increase of 8.74 billion yuan over the end of 2017, with an average annual growth of 5.8%. The general public budget revenue reached 980 million yuan, an increase of 320 million yuan over the end of 2017, with an average annual growth of 8.5%. Investment in fixed assets increased by 6.7% annually.