Shanxian is subordinate to Sanmenxia City, Henan Province. It is located in the west of Sanmenxia City, bordering Mianchi County in the east, Lingbao City in the west, Ganshan Mountain in the south, Luoning County in the south, the Yellow River in the north and Pinglu County in Shanxi Province across the bank, and Sanmenxia City and Hubin District in the east, west and south. According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, there were 288538 permanent residents in Shanzhou District.

It covers an area of 1609.73 square kilometers; It has jurisdiction over 4 towns and 9 townships, and the annual GDP reached 21.8 billion yuan.

Shanxian has a warm temperate continental monsoon climate. The terrain is high in the south and low in the north. The east is steep and the west is Tanzania. Gold, bauxite, coal and geothermal mineral water are listed as the four dominant resources. Longhai Railway, Zhengzhou-Xi'an High speed Railway, Lianhuo Expressway, National Highway 209 and National Highway 310 crisscross the territory. The famous landscapes include the Pit Yard, the Ancient Stone Trench Road, the Kongxiang Temple, etc. The second batch of counties (districts) meeting the standard of water-saving society construction.