Xishui County, is under the jurisdiction of Zunyi City of Guizhou province, located in the north of Guizhou, is located in the junction of Sichuan and Chongqing hub, east Tongzi County of Guizhou, Chongqing Qijiang District, west Chishui city of Guizhou, south near Guizhou Renhuai City, Gulin County of Sichuan Province, north to Sichuan Hejiang County, Jiangjin District of Chongqing, Dalou Mountain system and the Yangtze River basin, a total area of 3127.7 square kilometers, Jurisdiction over 4 streets, 20 towns, 2 townships. According to the seventh census data, as of midnight on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Xishui County was 584,947.

Xishui is the national coal development key county. County coal storage area of 920 square kilometers, geological reserves of 4.87 billion tons, 600 meters away from the surface of the proved reserves of 1.6 billion tons, 4 to 6 layers of coal seam, each layer average thickness of 5 meters, with large reserves, excellent quality, high calorific value, low sulfur content, small ash, high conversion temperature characteristics, is electric power, chemical, smelting and other rare high-quality fuel.

On September 25, 2018, the People's Government of Guizhou Province issued a notice saying that it agreed to remove Xishui County and other 14 counties (districts) from the poverty-stricken counties. On October 9, 2020, it was awarded the fourth batch of national ecological civilization Construction demonstration City and county title by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. In 2020, according to the preliminary calculation of Zunyi Municipal Bureau of Statistics, the gross regional product of the county was 20.885 billion yuan.