Xiuning County, subordinate to Huangshan City of Anhui Province, is located in the southernmost part of Anhui Province, adjacent to Tunxi District and Shexian County in the east, adjacent to Huangshan District and Huizhou District in the northeast, adjacent to Qimen County and Yixian County in the northwest, bounded to Chun 'an County and Kaihua County in Zhejiang Province in the southeast, and bounded to Wuyuan County and Fuliang County in Jiangxi Province in the southwest. It covers an area of 2,126 square kilometers, with jurisdiction over 11 towns, 10 townships, 153 administrative villages and 4 communities. At the end of 2021, the registered population of Xiuning County was 266,100, 1,351 fewer than that at the end of 2020.

Xiuning County was founded in the thirteenth year of Jian 'an of the Eastern Han Dynasty (208), from the tenth year of Jiading of Song Dynasty (1217) to the sixth year of Guangxu of Qing Dynasty (1880), Xiuning County produced 19 top scoremen in the civil and military ranks, ranking first in China. There is Mount Qiyun, one of the four Taoist mountains in China known as Mount Huangshan and Mount Bai, and the Wan 'an Compass, which won the gold medal at the Panamanian World Exposition in 1915. Traffic within the developed, Anhui - Jiangxi railway, Hefu high-speed railway, Hanghuang high-speed railway, Hetonghuang highway, Beijing-Taiwan highway, Huangqi highway through the county, Huangshan airport in its territory, is the Anhui - Zhejiang - Jiangxi border traffic hub.

In 2021, the GDP of Xiuning County reached 13.106 billion yuan, an increase of 9.2% over 2020; Fiscal revenue reached 1.339 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5 percent over 2020.