Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is located in the south-central part of Guizhou Province. It is connected to southeastern Guizhou Prefecture in the east, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the south, Anshun City and Qianxinan Prefecture in the west, and Guiyang, the provincial capital, in the north. Located in the transition from Guizhou Plateau to Guangxi hills, the slope is high in the north and low in the south, located in the East Asian monsoon region. With a total area of 26,200 square kilometers, the prefecture has jurisdiction over 2 county-level cities, 9 counties and 1 autonomous county. According to the seventh census, as of midnight on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture was 3,494,385.

Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture was once an important passage of the Silk Road to the sea in the south, and also the old road from central Guizhou to Sichuan, Guangxi, Hunan and Yunnan, with numerous merchants and logistics. Air, railway, road and river transport crisscross the south of Guizhou; A number of heroes such as Qiu Hejia, governor of Liaoning Province and general soldier of Shanhaiguan, Dai Kan and Huang Qisheng, pioneers of national defense, and Deng Enming, a great representative of the Communist Party of China, emerged successively in southern Guizhou. It has 6 national forest parks and 5 provincial forest parks.

In 2020, the GDP of Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture reached 159.54 billion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 4.0 percent